Nanodiagnosis and Nanotreatment of Cardiovascular Diseases: An Overview

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the world’s leading cause of mortality and represent a large contributor to costs medical care. Although tremendous progress has been made for diagnosis CVDs, there is an important need more effective early design novel diagnostic methods. The CVDs generally relies on signs symptoms depending molecular imaging (MI) or CVD-associated biomarkers. For early-stage however, reliability, specificity, accuracy analysis still problematic. Because their unique chemical physical properties, nanomaterial systems have recognized as potential candidates enhance functional use instruments. Nanomaterials such gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, lipids, polymeric nanoparticles sources target CVDs. special properties nanomaterials including surface energy topographies actively cellular response within availability newly advanced techniques in science opens new avenues targeting successful application needs detailed understanding both disease moieties.